Reagent handling system and reagent pack for use therein

ABSTRACT

A reagent pack for keeping fluids with or without suspensions mixed or suspended upon rocking. The reagent pack has at least one chamber divided into separate sub-chambers with a throat region between them defined by baffles for agitation of suspended reagent during rocking of the reagent pack. A continuous lid sealable to the pack has membrane sealed apertures in the lid for allowing access to the underlying chambers and sub-chambers by withdrawal needles. A tray is configured to hold multiple side-by-side reagent packs on respective slides that slide in and out for insertion and withdrawal of the packs. During operation, the tray and associated packs are rocked such as by being periodically inclined with respect to horizontal, providing reagent agitation. Optical annunciators proximate the tray indicate respective reagent pack activity under control of a computer which stores information on the contents of each pack at each tray location and correlates it to scheduled reagent use in a medical testing system. The tray is provided with a thermally conductive hinge. The tray with packs is located in an enclosure.

This is a divisional of application Ser. No. 08/499,271 filed on Jul. 7,1995, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,609,822.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to reagent handling systems and reagentpacks for use therein, and in particular to a reagent handling systemwhich inclines reagent packs for reagent agitation.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Automated assay devices such as immunoassay instruments provide multiplereagent containers for executing a plurality of individual assays.Storage space for each reagent container has become a significant aspectof instrument design in that more than one reagent is typically requiredfor each assay. Further, the desire to automate dictates that suchinstruments operate with minimal operator intervention, thus emphasizingthe need for adequate quantities of reagent in each container.

Any solid phase reagent, and in particular one including paramagneticparticles, requires physical agitation for uniform suspension in aliquid medium. Further, other materials such as incompatible liquids(e.g. oil and water) require similar agitation for homogenousdistribution. Existing means for accomplishing this agitation includeaxial rotation of cylindrical containers having mixing fins therein.However, such mechanisms are necessarily complex to implement, difficultto maintain, and each require significant physical space. Further, suchcontainers are not accessible during instrument operation. Seals forsuch containers are typically provided as a "star cap", or resilient caphaving star-shaped slits. Such caps provide an insufficient barrier tolong-term evaporation and to spillage when the container is tipped.

In general, the most significant requirements for individual reagentcontainers and for housings holding such containers include thefollowing. Each container should include multiple compartments such thatall reagents required for a single assay are accommodated. A sufficientquantity of reagent(s) should be accommodated within each reagentcontainer for unattended execution of a series of tests, such as 50 to250 assays, or more. The containers should be arranged within thehousing for simple removal and installation, even during instrumentoperation. Evaporation and spillage of reagents stored within the packshould be avoided by provision of improved sealing means. Finally,efficient and mechanically simple solid particle suspension should beimplemented, allowing continued mixing during instrument operation.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The presently disclosed invention provides all the required reagents formultiple iterations of a single assay within minimal space, yet enablesmechanically simple and complete admixture of solid reagents within acarrier. Each reagent pack is fully accessible during instrumentoperation, provided only that reagents from the desired pack are notcurrently being aspirated or are about to be so aspirated. A pierceableseal in each of multiple reagent pack lid apertures prevents reagentspillage during pack mishandling, minimizes reagent evaporation, andprolongs reagent efficacy. Pack refrigeration further prolongs reagentefficacy.

The present invention provides a reagent pack having at least onechamber for containing all reagents required for a single assay. In afirst embodiment, at least one chamber has offset baffles extending fromchamber side walls toward the opposing side wall, providing convergingand diverging ductwork. The ductwork forms a narrow throatinterconnecting two sub-chambers. Suspended reagent or other reactivematerial flows through this throat region at an accelerated velocityduring reagent pack inclination, resulting in agitation and homogenousreagent suspension within each sub-chamber. A continuous lid, sealableto an upper edge of the pack, provides access to underlying chambers viarespective apertures in the lid. The reagent pack is disposed on areagent enclosure tray, and is urged into and out of the enclosure by arespective slide. Provision is made for disposition of multiple packs ina side by side relationship within the enclosure. Inclination of thepacks for proper reagent mixing is provided by a motor whichperiodically tilts the tray back and forth about a central axis.

The reagent packs are accessible to users once a handling system door islowered. In this position, a number of optical annunciators eachcorresponding to a respective reagent pack and slide indicate whetherthe reagent pack is available for manual removal and perhapsreplacement. Tray inclination is inhibited during such access. Efficacyof reagents within the enclosure is prolonged by cooling means such asthermal electric devices and heat sinks disposed proximate theenclosure.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

These and other features of the present invention are more fully setforth below in the fully exemplary detailed description and accompanyingdrawings of which:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an automated analyzer system of whichthe presently described and claimed reagent handling system forms apart;

FIG. 2 is a partial perspective view of the reagent handling system asused in the automated analyzer system of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a reagent pack slide as used in thereagent handling system of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a side view of the slide of FIG. 3 showing internal details inphantom;

FIGS. 5 through 8 are side views of the slide of FIG. 4 installed tovarying degrees within a tray of the reagent handling system of FIG. 2;

FIG. 9 is a top view of a reagent pack as used in the reagent handlingsystem of FIG. 2;

FIG. 10 is a side sectional view of the reagent pack of FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the reagent pack of FIG. 9;

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the reagent pack of FIG. 9;

FIG. 13 is a top view of a reagent pack lid as used in the reagenthandling system of FIG. 2;

FIG. 14 is a partial cross-sectional view of the lid of FIG. 13 disposedatop the reagent pack of FIG. 9;

FIG. 15 is a bottom perspective view of the lid of FIG. 13;

FIG. 16 is an end view of a reagent pack enclosure as used in thereagent handling system of FIG. 2;

FIG. 17 is a simplified end view of the enclosure of FIG. 16 in a firstposition;

FIG. 18 is a simplified end view of the enclosure of FIG. 16 in a secondposition;

FIG. 19 is a top-right-front perspective view of a reagent pack as usedin the reagent handling system of FIG. 2;

FIG. 20 is a front end view of the reagent pack of FIG. 19;

FIG. 21 is a right side view of the reagent pack of FIG. 19;

FIG. 22 is a rear end view of the reagent pack of FIG. 19;

FIG. 23 is a left side view of the reagent pack of FIG. 19;

FIG. 24 is a top view of the reagent pack of FIG. 19; and

FIG. 25 is a bottom view of the reagent pack of FIG. 19.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Referring now to FIG. 1, an automated analyzer system 10 for performingassays includes a reagent handling system 30 which here is covered by areagent door 34 having a shelf portion 34a. Located above the reagenthandling system 30 is a probe system 36 which aspirates reagents fromthe reagent system 30 and dispenses the reagents at predeterminedlocations of the analyzer instrument 10. The analyzer system furtherincludes a refrigeration unit 38 which is provided to cool reagentsinstalled in the analyzer system 10, and in the reagent handling system30 in particular. The reagent handling system 30 and refrigeration unit38 will each be described in further detail subsequently.

With regard to FIG. 2, a portion of the reagent handling system 30 isnow described. A reagent door 34, which is shown in an elevated, orclosed, position in FIG. 1 is shown in a lowered, or open, position inFIG. 2. Rails (not illustrated) or similar means are employed formaintaining the door 34 in proper alignment with the system 30 in eitherposition. Once the door 34 is lowered, multiple reagent packs 62 areseen disposed in a side-by-side relationship proximate respectivereagent pack slides 50 within an enclosure generally designated as 40.As will be described further below, the reagent enclosure provides arefrigerated atmosphere which extends the useful life of the reagents orother reactive materials disposed in reagent packs 62 therein. Arefrigeration unit 38 (FIG. 1) provides the low temperature atmospherewithin the reagent enclosure 40.

Each slide 50, as the name implies, is translatable from an installedposition within the reagent handling system 30 and enclosure 40 to aload position in which a portion of the extended slide 50 protrudes overthe reagent door shelf 34a. In an illustrative embodiment of the presentinvention, thirty slides 50 accommodate a like or smaller number ofreagent packs 62, each slide being formed of a polycarbonate resin suchas Lexan (General Electric Company). The majority of the slides 50 inFIG. 2 are illustrated in the installed position.

With regard also to FIGS. 3 and 4, each slide 50 provides a handle 54and thumb depression 52 for manually transitioning the slide 50 betweenthe installed and load positions. A reagent pack 62 having a cavity on abottom surface (discussed subsequently) is disposed proximate a slideupper carrying surface 58 having a post 56, the latter extending into abottom surface cavity of the reagent pack 62 for maintaining theposition of the pack 62 relative to the slide. Each reagent pack 62 isthus safely retained above the respective slide 50 during installationand withdrawal, and during reagent pack inclination, as described below.

In a preferred embodiment, each slide 50 is further provided with alabel 64 (FIG. 2) on the slide handle 54 for identifying the relativeposition of the slide 50 within the row of slides. The slide label 64corresponds to a numbered optical annunciator 66 such as an LED disposedon the shelf portion 34a of the reagent door 34. When the door 34 islowered to expose the slides 50 and associated reagent packs 62,illuminated LEDs 66 indicate that the corresponding reagent pack 62 isbeing accessed by the probe system 36, as described in further detailbelow, and is therefore prevented from being withdrawn. Once theassociated LED 66 is extinguished, this indicates that the reagent pack62 is not now being accessed or is not about to be accessed by the probesystem 36, and is available for withdrawal by pulling the slide 50outward.

The slides 50 are maintained in side-by-side relationship on a tray,generally designated as 80 in FIGS. 5 through 8. In one embodiment, thetray 80 is provided in at least two parts, a tray upper half 82 and atray lower half 84. The lower half 84 provides a slot 86 into which theslide extends. In order to maintain the slide 50 in the installed orload positions, or in between, a resilient arm 70 is disposed in alongitudinal slot 60 on the slide 50. This arm 70 has a neutral positionwhich is angled down, for instance, approximately eight degrees from theupper carrying surface 58 of the slide 50.

The bottom surface of the slot 86 has two recesses 88a, 88b. When theslide 50 is fully inserted into the tray 80, an end portion 72 of theslide resilient arm 70 is urged into the forward recess 88a, asillustrated in FIG. 6. The forward recess 88a is relatively shallow,thus allowing the end portion to be removed from the recess 88a as inFIG. 5 by a moderate rearward force, such as exerted by a user pullingthe slide 50 out, or to the left as shown.

When a user pulls the slide swiftly to the left, the end portion 72 ofthe arm 70 is brought into contact with a portion of the lower tray 84which prevents the removal of the slide 50 entirely without the use of atool such as a narrow screw driver or fingertip to further elevate thearm 70 and end portion 72. In FIG. 7, the arm 70 has been pushed upwardby such a tool so that the end portion 72 is level with an upper surfaceof the tray lower half 84.

In order to prevent inadvertent withdrawal of the slide 50, the arm 70is further provided in the illustrated embodiment with a knob 74 whichcontacts a lower surface of the tray upper half 82 before the arm endportion 72 is elevated enough for slide withdrawal. The effect of theknob 74 pressing against the tray upper half 82 is to shorten the lengthof the flexible arm 70, thus providing a stiffer arm 70 which offersmore resistance to upward motion. In the illustrated embodiment, theknob 74 cuts the arm 70 length roughly in half, thus effectivelydoubling the arm 70 spring constant.

In a normally withdrawn or extended position, the end portion 72 extendsinto the rearward recess 88b, as in FIG. 8. Subsequent insertion of theslide into the tray 80 is accomplished by pushing the slide handle 54 tothe right, thus causing the end portion 72 to become disengaged from therearward recess 88b. Over-insertion of the slide 50 is prevented by theproximity of the slide handle 54 to the tray upper half 82 when theslide 50 is fully inserted, shown in FIG. 6.

As shown in FIGS. 5 through 8, the slide 50 is inserted under the trayupper half 82. An upper surface 90 of the tray upper half 82 provides asurface for a reagent pack 62 to slide across as the pack 62 is insertedinto the reagent handling system 30. Thus, while the reagent pack 62 isinstalled over the slide post 56, the reagent pack 62 actually rides onthe upper surface 90 of the tray upper half 82. The reagent pack 62itself will be described in further detail below. However, to improvethe efficiency of reagent pack 62 cooling via the tray 80 acting as acold plate, it is noted that elevated portions 92 of the tray upper half82 minimize an airgap between a bottom surface of the reagent pack 62and the tray 80, thus improving thermal conductivity. Further, aretaining pin 94 or similar device is disposed on the tray upper half 82for engagement with a cooperating reagent pack receptacle (describedbelow), thus ensuring proper alignment of the reagent pack within thetray 80.

The reagent packs 62 visible in FIG. 2 proximate respective slides 50are now described in greater detail with respect to FIGS. 9 through 12.The reagent packs are formed of high density polyethylene (HDPE) in afirst embodiment. Other materials are employable taking intoconsideration the requirement that the material chosen be non-reactivewith the intended pack contents. Cost is another important considerationfor pack materials in some embodiments.

FIGS. 9 and 10 illustrate a reagent pack 62 having a forward end 100 anda rearward end 102. In FIG. 2, the forward end 100 is inserted withinthe reagent handling system 30, and the rearward end 102 is visibleproximate the slide handle 54. In a preferred embodiment of the presentinvention, the rearward end 102 has a pinched region 104 whichfacilitates manual manipulation of the reagent pack 62. Disposed withinthe pinched region 104 and disposed within a lower surface thereof is acavity 106 which receives the slide post 56, thus enabling the slide 50to usher the reagent pack 62 into and out of the handling system 30.

The reagent pack illustrated in FIGS. 9 and 10 is partially defined byend walls 108, side walls 110, and intermediate walls 112. While the endand side walls 108, 110 extend from a lower edge 114 of the reagent pack62 to an upper edge 116, not all of the intermediate walls 112 extenddown to the lower edge 114. Rather, a floor surface 118 is disposedproximate but slightly above the lower edge 114, and the intermediatewalls 112 extend from this surface 118. Together, these walls andsurfaces divide each reagent pack interior into a plurality of chambers120. The floor surface 118 within each of these chambers is cantedtoward one location, in a first embodiment, in order to facilitatecomplete withdrawal and usage of material stored therein. In a preferredembodiment, this location takes the form of a depression 128 in thefloor surface 118 at a rear portion of each chamber.

Each of the aforementioned chambers 120 are intended for storage ofreagents used by the analyzer system 10. In certain cases, the reagentis soluble, and thus requires little or no agitation for homogenousdistribution within the chamber 120. Other reagents, however, are notsoluble, and do require agitation for continuous distribution throughoutthe respective chamber 120. As a result, at least one of the chambers ofeach reagent pack according to the present invention is provided with apair of opposing, offset baffles 122a, 122b.

These baffles 122a, 122b, each of which extend from a respective sidewall 110 toward the opposite side wall 110, are vertically disposed fromthe floor surface 118 to the upper edge 116 of the side wall 110, andpreferably extend across at least half the width of the reagent pack 62toward the opposing side wall 110. Further, while one of the baffles122a is disposed closer to the reagent pack rearward end 102 than theother baffle 122b, they are close enough to one another to form aductwork having converging then diverging walls, otherwise referred toas a narrow throat 124 within the respective chamber 120. The bafflesare illustrated in the composite sectional view of FIG. 11, and whilebeing omitted from the side sectional view of FIG. 10 for clarity.

In particular, the larger chamber 120 in FIG. 9 and shown inrepresentative cross-section in FIG. 12 is shown divided into twosub-chambers 126a, 126b of substantially equal volumes, each of thesub-chambers 126a, 126b interconnected by the throat 124. The benefit ofsuch a configuration is realized when suspended reagent materials areintroduced into this divided chamber 112, and the reagent pack 62 istilted back and forth about an axis under the reagent pack andorthogonal to the slide 50. Fluent material, carrying the suspendedreagent, greatly accelerates as it passes through the throat 124,resulting in significant agitation of the reagent and fluent carrierthrough currents circulating about the perimeter of the sub-chambers.Complete, homogenous distribution is achieved rapidly, with the exactspeed of mixing depending upon the angle of tilt, the frequency ofoscillation, the reagent intermixed, the fluent carrier, and the reagenttemperature. Means for tilting the tray 80 and the reagent pack 62disposed thereon are described in detail below.

As previously noted, the reagent pack 62 is installed over a respectiveslide 50, including a slide post 56, but the reagent pack weight isprincipally borne by the tray upper half upper surface 90, the loweredge 114 of the pack 62 gliding thereon. The slide is therefore usedprimarily to impart relocating force to the reagent pack 62 and toretain the reagent pack 62 in the desired position within the handlingsystem 30. Also as previously noted, the tray upper half 82 has aretaining pin 94 (FIGS. 5 through 8) which is received within a reagentpack receptacle 130 (FIGS. 9 and 10) formed proximate the lower edge 114of the end wall 108 at the forward end 100 of the reagent pack 62. Thisarrangement ensures the proper alignment of the reagent pack 62 to theremainder of the handling system 30.

Exemplary dimensions for the illustrated reagent pack and foralternative embodiments are provided in table 1. All measurements areprovided in inch units.

                  TABLE 1                                                         ______________________________________                                                   EMBODI-     EMBODI-  EMBODI-                                       DIMENSION  MENT 1      MENT 2   MENT 3                                        ______________________________________                                        A          6.69        6.69     6.69                                          B          3.00        2.40     3.00                                          C          2.83        3.13     2.83                                          D          1.32        0.89     1.32                                          E          1.32        0.89     1.32                                          F          1.15        1.15     1.15                                          G          1.20        1.20     1.20                                          H          0.72        1.320    0.72                                          I          0.60        1.20     0.60                                          J          1.895       1.895    1.895                                         K          0.89        0.89     0.89                                          L          1.665       1.665    0.83                                          M          1.449       1.449    0.600                                         N          0.060       0.060    0.060                                         O          0.082       0.113    0.082                                         P          0.072       0.103    0.072                                         Q          0.030       0.030    0.030                                         ______________________________________                                         Note that in Embodiment 2, the reagent pack is over twice as wide             (dimension H) as that of Embodiment 1, thus requiring two adjacent slides     50 for insertion and removal. This embodiment obviously provides a greate     quantity of reagent or other reactive material, and thus enables executio     of a greater number of assays before pack 62 replacement.                

An illustrative embodiment of a reagent pack according to the presentinvention is illustrated in FIGS. 19 through 25.

In FIGS. 13 through 15, a lid 140 for a reagent pack is illustrated. Thelid 140, formed of HDPE in a first embodiment, includes plural apertures142, 144, 146. Each aperture 142, 144, 146 is covered with a penetrablematerial such as a combination of polyster and ethyl vinyl acetate (EVA)films in one embodiment, or a combination of polyester and HDPE films inanother. Alternatively, a single layer of film is employed. In allembodiments, an important criteria is that the aperture coveringmaterial be inactive with the enclosed reagent. The apertures 142, 144,146 are substantially aligned with respective underlying chambers 120,and preferably with reagent pack chamber floor depressions 128. Aneedle-like probe, part of the probe system 36, passes through theaperture by penetrating the covering material and extends into aquantity of material such as reagent contained therein for aspirationand use elsewhere in the system 10. The lid 140 is hot plate welded ontothe upper edge 116 of the reagent pack 62 aperture in one embodiment.The aperture covering material significantly reduces leakage or spillagewhich result from improper manipulation of the reagent pack.

In a preferred embodiment, the lid 140 is attached to an empty reagentpack 62 shell as previously described. The reagent pack 62 is filled,after which the aperture covering material is applied. Each aperture maybe covered separately, or all my be covered by a continuous portion ofaperture covering material at once. The reagent pack lid 140 furthercomprises, in the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 13 and is, a tab 148useful during pack 62 assembly. The tab 148 provides a convenient handhold when the lid 140 is positioned for attachment to the pack 62. Otherembodiments for the tab 140 are possible. After assembly, the tab 148 isremovable.

The general placement of the probe system 36 with respect to theenclosure 40 is illustrated in FIG. 16, and includes a motor 152 fortranslating at least one probe tip 154 across and above the reagentpacks 62 disposed on the tray 80 in a direction of motion orthogonal tothe direction of motion of the slides 50. Further motive means areprovided in the probe system 36 for translating the probe tip 154 alongthe length of a given reagent pack 62. Thus, the probe tip 154 iscapable of being positioned above any of the lid apertures 142, 144, 146and associated chambers 120. A third motive means associated with theprobe system 36 controls the vertical position of the probe tip 154. Inone embodiment of the present invention, each motive means is providedin the form of one or more stepper motors. In another embodiment of thepresent invention, three probes 150 are provided within the probe system36, thus enabling coincidental aspiration between the probes 150.

In another embodiment of the present invention, a bar code label (notillustrated) is disposed on the forward end 100 of the each reagent pack62 to provide information about the contents of the pack 62 such as typeof reagent, quantity, concentration, expiration date, etc. Thisinformation is scanned by a bar code reader (not illustrated) disposedwithin the analyzer system 10 and translated by motive means such as astepper motor.

In alternative embodiments of the present invention, other means forpassing information from a reagent pack to the analyzer system 10 areenvisaged. For instance, relevant information may be magneticallyencoded in a stripe on the forward end 100 of a reagent pack 62. Amagnetic stripe reader would then be employed by the system 10. Further,other optical data transfer techniques are employable, such as opticalcharacter recognition.

As previously noted, each reagent pack 62 is disposed above a respectiveslide 50 and on a portion of a tray 80 within the enclosure 40. In orderto preserve the efficacy of reagents or other reactive materialsdisposed within the reagent packs 62, it is preferred that the enclosure80 be insulated and refrigerated, with the tray 80 preferably providedin teflon-coated aluminum to act as a cold plate. Thermo-electricdevices (TEDs) 186 (four, in one embodiment) are disposed proximate toand in thermal communication with an inclination pin 176 through athermally conductive bearing surface block 188. Together, theinclination pin 176 and the bearing surface block 188 form a thermallyconductive hinge 182. Thus, the reagent packs 62 can be inclined aboutthis hinge, the hinge being capable of conducting heat through thebearing surface block 188 to the TEDs 186. Such cold plate cooling ismore efficient than air cooling, the latter suffering from loss ofcooling effect when the door 34a is opened.

In an exemplary embodiment, a thermistor (not shown) associated witheach TED 186 is installed within the enclosure 40 for providing a TEDcontrol circuit with feedback regarding the current thermal state of theenclosure 40. The TEDs 186 are further provided with heat sinks 180below the enclosure 40 in order to enhance the effectiveness of theTEDs. A fan (not illustrated) is provided proximate the fixed heat sink180 in a further embodiment to further enhance the efficiency of theTEDs 186.

The tray 80, on which the reagent packs 62 rest and in which the slides50 are disposed, provides support for the packs 62 within therefrigerated reagent enclosure 40. As previously described, the reagentpacks 62 are preferably provided with a unique set of mixing baffles 122which cause turbulence within at least one of the reagent pack chambers120 when the pack 62 is tilted along its length. Thus, it is desiredthat the reagent tray be capable of inclination about an axis orthogonalto the direction of motion of the slides 50 and parallel to the axisalong which the multiple reagent packs 62 are disposed within thereagent tray enclosure 40.

Also visible in FIG. 16 is an inclination motor 170 disposed, dependingupon the embodiment, at either end or in the middle of the enclosure 40for providing the power required to incline the tray 80. Preferably, theinclination motor 170 is a stepper motor. Extending axially from theinclination motor 170 is a screw shaft 172 mounted in bearings 174 atthe top end of the shaft 172 and coupled to the motor via a coupling171. Rotation of the shaft 172 causes a follower nut 173 to travel up ordown the screw shaft 172, depending upon the direction of rotation. Arocker shaft 175 is affixed to the follower nut 173, is disposed alongthe length of the enclosure and is mechanically affixed under the tray80 by a slide block 178. When the follower nut 173 is driven up or downby rotation of the screw shaft 172, the rocker shaft 175 similarlytravels up or down in a support bracket channel 177, resulting in theinclination of the tray 80 and associated reagent packs 62 about thepivot shaft 176 which extends parallel to the rocker shaft 175. In apreferred embodiment, the limits of tray 80 inclination are twentydegrees above and below horizontal, though other angular limits arepossible depending upon the enclosure space and mixing requirements.Sensors 179 are provided for detecting the angle of inclination.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tray 80 isinclined to its twenty degree limits only when the door 34 of thereagent handling system 30 is in the elevated or closed position.Otherwise, the tray 80 is inclined five degrees from horizontal suchthat the reagent pack forward end 100 is below the reagent pack rearwardend 102. As illustrated in the simplified views of FIGS. 17 and 18, withthe door 34 in the closed position, the angle of inclination of thefront of the tray 80, the end of the tray which receives the slide 50and reagent pack 62, varies from +20 degrees (FIG. 17) to -20 degrees(FIG. 18), relative to horizontal. Other angular offsets are possible inalternative embodiments. The sensors 179 provide an indication of whenthe tray 80 is at the limits of inclination.

When the door 34 is lowered, exposing the reagent packs 62 in theenclosure 40, the inclination motor 170 angles the front of the tray to+5 degrees above horizontal, referred to as an aspirate position, tofacilitate removal and installation of reagent packs 62. This angle isillustrated in FIG. 16. Specifically, by locating depressions 128 in thepack floor surface 118 proximate the rear of each chamber, and bycanting the floor 118 toward each such depression 128, completeaspiration of reagent contained within each chamber is achieved.

As shown in FIG. 2, a slide 50, disposed on the tray 80 in the aspirateposition, is pulled out of the enclosure 40 to provide access to thereagent pack 62 stored thereon. As previously noted, the resilient arm70 of the slide 50 is retained within tray lower half slot recesses 88a,88b, maintaining the slide in either of the positions illustrated inFIG. 2.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the tray 80 and associatedreagent packs 62 are cycled between the extreme inclination limits fivetimes for approximately six seconds, then are maintained at the aspirateposition for nine seconds. Such agitation, combined with the provisionof mixing baffles 122 in at least one of the reagent pack chambers 120,allows the present system reagent handling system 30 to accept a reagentpack having a settled solid phase reagent in one chamber 120 and toprovide such the solid phase reagent in fully suspended form by the timean assay requires the reagent.

It is while in the aspirate position of FIG. 16 that the plural reagentprobes 150 access the underlying reagents through the lid apertures 142,144, 146. As previously noted, when a reagent pack 62 is being accessedby a probe 150, an associated optical annunciator 66 is illuminated toindicate that the pack 62 should not be removed.

These and other examples of the invention illustrated above are intendedby way of example and the actual scope of the invention is to bedetermined from the following claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A reagent handling system comprising pluralreagent packs, each reagent pack comprising:plural chambers formed byopposing and parallel end walls, opposing and parallel side wallssubstantially orthogonal to said end walls, a floor surface attached tosaid end and side walls proximate a lower edge thereof, and at least oneintermediate wall substantially parallel to said end walls and disposedbetween said side walls, wherein said end, side and intermediate wallsdefine a pack upper edge; and mixing baffles disposed within at leastone of said chambers operative to cause mixing of said fluids withinsaid at least one chamber as fluid i s passed by said baffles, a firstone of said baffles disposed opposing and proximate a second one of saidbaffles such that a throat region having a pair of converging thendiverging walls is defined between said first one and said second one ofsaid baffles.
 2. The reagent handling system according to claim 1,wherein each of said mixing baffles is disposed on a respective one ofsaid side walls from said floor surface to said pack upper edge.
 3. Thereagent handling system according to claim 1, wherein one of said mixingbaffles is disposed more proximate said first end than another of saidmixing baffles.
 4. The reagent handling system according to claim 1,wherein said mixing baffles divide one of said plural chambers into twosub-chambers having substantially equal volume, said sub-chambersinterconnected by the throat region formed between said baffles.
 5. Thereagent handling system according to claim 1, wherein each of saidmixing baffles extends over halfway across said reagent pack betweensaid side walls.
 6. The reagent handling system according to claim 1,wherein said floor surface has a plurality of depressed regions, each ofsaid depressed regions associated with a respective one of said pluralchambers.
 7. The reagent handling system according to claim 6, whereinsaid reagent pack further comprises a lid having plural penetrableregions, said lid disposable on said pack upper edge for completelycovering said plural chambers.
 8. The reagent handling system accordingto claim 7, wherein said plural penetrable regions are each alignedabove a respective one of said plural chambers.
 9. The reagent handlingsystem according to claim 7, wherein said plural penetrable regions areeach formed from at least one penetrable film.
 10. The reagent handlingsystem according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of reagentpack slides, each of said slides for slidably transporting a respectivereagent pack disposed thereon within said reagent handling system. 11.The reagent handling system according to claim 10, further comprising atray for slidably retaining said plurality of reagent pack slides in aside by side configuration along a first axis.
 12. The reagent handlingsystem according to claim 11, further comprising an inclination driveand hinge mechanically connected to said tray for selectably incliningsaid tray about said first axis passing through said hinge.
 13. Thereagent handling system according to claim 12, further comprising atleast one reagent probe carrier having at least one reagent probe, saidat least one probe carrier translatable along said first axis proximatesaid tray for selectably disposing said at least one reagent probe intoa selected one of said reagent packs.
 14. The reagent handling systemaccording to claim 13, said inclination drive further comprising anaspirate position defined by said tray inclined with respect tohorizontal, wherein a low point of said floor surface is substantiallyvertically aligned with said at least one reagent probe.
 15. The reagenthandling system according to claim 13, said least one reagent probecarrier further comprising drive means for translating said at least onereagent probe along an axis orthogonal to said first axis andsubstantially parallel to said reagent pack side walls for selectablydisposing said at least one reagent probe into a selected one of saidchambers.
 16. The reagent handling system according to claim 12, furthercomprising a cooling means in communication with said tray through saidhinge to implement a tray cold plate for cooling reagent packs disposedthereon.
 17. A reagent handling system comprising plural reagent packs,each reagent pack comprising:first and second ends defined bysubstantially vertical first and second end walls, respectively, andsubstantially vertical first and second side walls disposed therebetween, said end walls and said side walls having an upper edge and alower edge; a floor surface sealably attached to said first and secondend walls and said first and second side walls, said floor surfacedisposed proximate said lower edge; at least one intermediate walldisposed transverse said reagent pack from said first side wall to saidsecond side wall, said intermediate wall intermediate said end walls andextending from said floor surface to said upper edge; and first andsecond mixing baffles each disposed on a respective one of said sidewalls and extending toward another of said side walls, both of saidbaffles disposed on a like side of said at least one intermediate wall,wherein one of said baffles is more proximate said first end thenanother of said baffles and wherein said baffles are disposed proximateone another such that a throat region having a pair of converging thendiverging walls is defined between said baffles.
 18. The reagenthandling system according to claim 17, wherein said end walls, said sidewalls, said at least one intermediate wall, and said floor surfacedefine a plurality of chambers open at said upper edge.
 19. The reagenthandling system according to claim 18, wherein said floor surface has aplurality of depressed regions, each of said depressed regionsassociated with a respective one of said chambers.
 20. The reagenthandling system according to claim 19, wherein said floor surface withineach of said chambers slopes toward said respective depressed region.21. The reagent handling system according to claim 17, wherein each ofsaid baffles extends from said floor surface to said side wall upperedge.
 22. The reagent handling system according to claim 21, whereinsaid baffles divide one of said plurality of chambers into twosub-chambers having substantially equal volume, said sub-chambersinterconnected by the throat region formed between said baffles.
 23. Thereagent handling system according to claim 17, wherein each of saidbaffles extends over half the distance between said side walls.
 24. Thereagent handling system according to claim 20, wherein said reagent packfurther comprises a lid having plural penetrable regions, said liddisposable on said upper edge for completely covering said plurality ofchambers.
 25. The reagent handling system according to claim 24, whereinsaid plural penetrable regions are each vertically aligned above arespective chamber.
 26. The reagent handling system according to claim24, wherein said plural penetrable regions are each substantiallyaligned above a respective depressed region.
 27. The reagent handlingsystem according to claim 24, wherein said plural penetrable regions areeach formed from at least one penetrable film.
 28. The reagent handlingsystem according to claim 17, further comprising a plurality of reagentpack slides, each of said slides for transporting a respective reagentpack disposed thereon within said reagent handling system.
 29. Thereagent handling system according to claim 28, further comprising a trayfor slidably retaining said plurality of reagent pack slides in a sideby side configuration along a first axis.
 30. The reagent handlingsystem according to claim 29, further comprising an inclination driveand hinge mechanically connected to said tray for selectably incliningsaid tray about said first axis and said hinge.
 31. The reagent handlingsystem according to claim 30, further comprising at least one reagentprobe carrier having at least one reagent probe, said at least one probecarrier translatable along said first axis proximate said tray forselectably disposing said at least one reagent probe into a selected oneof said reagent packs.
 32. The reagent handling system according toclaim 31, said inclination drive further comprising an aspirate positiondefined by said tray inclined with respect to horizontal, wherein a lowpoint of said floor surface is substantially vertically aligned withsaid at least one reagent probe.
 33. The reagent handling systemaccording to claim 31, wherein said at least one reagent probe carrierfurther comprises drive means for translating said at least one reagentprobe along an axis orthogonal to said first axis and substantiallyparallel to said reagent pack side walls.
 34. The reagent handlingsystem according to claim 30, further comprising a cooling means incommunication with said tray through said hinge to implement a tray coldplate for cooling reagent packs disposed thereon.
 35. A reagent pack forproviding fluent material, comprising:an elongate enclosure havingsides, ends and a bottom, said sides and ends having an upper edge anddefining a chamber wit said bottom, said chamber for retaining saidfluent material; and a plurality of baffles disposed within saidchamber, said baffles operative to cause turbulence in said fluentmaterial when said pack is rocked about a horizontal axis orthogonal tosaid sides, a first one of said baffles disposed opposing and proximatea second one of said baffles such that a throat region having a pair ofconverging then diverging side walls is defined between said first andsecond baffles.
 36. The reagent pack according to claim 35, furthercomprising at least one intermediate wall disposed across said sides anddefining, with said sides, ends and bottom, plural sub-chambers forretaining said fluent material.
 37. The reagent pack according to claim35, wherein said bottom further comprises a depression disposed withinsaid chamber.
 38. The reagent pack according to claim 35, wherein saidbaffles divide said chamber into portions connected by the throat regiondefined by said baffles.
 39. The reagent pack according to claim 38,wherein one of said baffles is more proximate a first end than anotherof said baffles.
 40. The reagent pack according to claim 35, furthercomprising a lid disposable on said upper edge.
 41. The reagent packaccording to claim 40, said lid further comprising a plurality ofapertures, each of said apertures simultaneously disposable over arespective one of said chambers.